Sources · மூலங்கள்

The bow

Valmiki · Bala Kanda
1.50.1–1.73.40 (CrEd 1.49.1–1.72.27)

தமிழ் · விரைவில் வருகிறது · The Tamil is coming

At Mithila, King Janaka asks who the two young princes are, and Shatananda tells them of Vishvamitra's power through the tale of Trishanku. Janaka tells how Shiva's bow came to his house and how Sita rose from the furrow, promised only to strength; Rama lifts the bow and breaks it. Dasharatha comes, and the four brothers marry the four princesses of Mithila.

Sanskrit · English·Translation: Raam Leela

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Part 1 · பகுதி 1

Shiva's bow

Valmiki 1.50.1–21, 1.51.1–16, 1.57–60, 1.66.1–26 (CrEd 1.49.1–20, 1.50.1–16, 1.56–59, 1.65.1–27)

॥ 1.50.1–16 ॥

CrEd 1.49.1–16

silent moment

॥ 1.50.17b–18 ॥

CrEd 1.49.17–18

Janaka

Sanskrit

इमौ कुमारौ भद्रं ते देवतुल्यपराक्रमौ ।
गजसिंहगती वीरौ शार्दूलवृषभोपमौ ।
पद्मपत्रविशालाक्षौ खड्गतूणीधनुर्धरौ ॥

imau kumārau bhadraṃ te devatulyaparākramau
gajasiṃhagatī vīrau śārdūlavṛṣabhopamau
padmapatraviśālākṣau khaḍgatūṇīdhanurdharau

English

These two youths, may it be well with you,
equal to the gods in valour,
heroes who walk like elephants and lions,
like tigers, like bulls,
with long eyes like lotus petals,
bearing swords and quivers and bows,

॥ 1.50.19–20 ॥

CrEd 1.49.19–20

Janaka

Sanskrit

यदृच्छयैव गां प्राप्तौ देवलोकाद् इवामरौ ।
कथं पद्भ्याम् इह प्राप्तौ किमर्थं कस्य वा मुने ।
वरायुधधरौ वीरौ कस्य पुत्रौ महामुने ॥

yadṛcchayaiva gāṃ prāptau devalokād ivāmarau
kathaṃ padbhyām iha prāptau kimarthaṃ kasya vā mune
varāyudhadharau vīrau kasya putrau mahāmune

English

like two immortals come down to earth
from the world of the gods at their own will:
how have they come here on foot,
and why, and whose are they, O sage?
These heroes who bear fine weapons,
whose sons are they, great sage?

॥ 1.51.1–3 ॥

CrEd 1.50.1–3

silent moment

॥ 1.51.15–16 ॥

CrEd 1.50.15–16

Shatananda

Sanskrit

नास्ति धन्यतरो राम त्वत्तोऽन्यो भुवि कश् चन ।
गोप्ता कुशिकपुत्रस् ते येन तप्तं महत् तपः ।
श्रूयतां चाभिदास्यामि कौशिकस्य महात्मनः ।
यथाबलं यथावृत्तं तन् मे निगदतः शृणु ॥

nāsti dhanyataro rāma tvatto 'nyo bhuvi kaś cana
goptā kuśikaputras te yena taptaṃ mahat tapaḥ
śrūyatāṃ cābhidāsyāmi kauśikasya mahātmanaḥ
yathābalaṃ yathāvṛttaṃ tan me nigadataḥ śṛṇu

English

There is no one on earth, Rama,
more blessed than you,
for your guardian is Kushika’s son,
who has practised great tapas.
Listen, and I will tell you
of great-souled Kaushika,
his power and his deeds as they were:
hear me as I tell it.

॥ 1.57.10b–13a ॥

CrEd 1.56.10–12

condensed from 1.57.10b–13a

Shatananda

Sanskrit

एतस्मिन्न् एव काले तु सत्यवादी जितेन्द्रियः ।
त्रिशङ्कुर् इति विख्यात इक्ष्वाकु कुलनन्दनः ।
तस्य बुद्धिः समुत्पन्ना यजेयम् इति राघव ।
गच्छेयं स्वशरीरेण देवानां परमां गतिम् ।
स वसिष्ठं समाहूय कथयाम् आस चिन्तितम् ।
अशक्यम् इति चाप्य् उक्तो वसिष्ठेन महात्मना ॥

etasminn eva kāle tu satyavādī jitendriyaḥ
triśaṅkur iti vikhyāta ikṣvāku kulanandanaḥ
tasya buddhiḥ samutpannā yajeyam iti rāghava
gaccheyaṃ svaśarīreṇa devānāṃ paramāṃ gatim
sa vasiṣṭhaṃ samāhūya kathayām āsa cintitam
aśakyam iti cāpy ukto vasiṣṭhena mahātmanā

English

At that very time there lived
one famed as Trishanku,
truthful, master of his senses,
the joy of the Ikshvaku line.
This thought arose in him, Raghava:
“I will offer sacrifice,
and in my own body go
to the highest state of the gods.”
He summoned Vasishtha
and told him what he had in mind;
and great-souled Vasishtha
told him, “It cannot be done.”

॥ 1.58.8b–10a ॥

CrEd 1.57.8–9b

condensed from 1.58.8b–10a

Shatananda

Sanskrit

ऋषिपुत्रास् तु तच् छ्रुत्वा वाक्यं घोराभिसंहितम् ।
शेपुः परमसंक्रुद्धाश् चण्डालत्वं गमिष्यसि ।
एवम् उक्त्वा महात्मानो विविशुस् ते स्वम् आश्रमम् ।
अथ रात्र्यां व्यतीतायां राजा चण्डालतां गतः ॥

ṛṣiputrās tu tac chrutvā vākyaṃ ghorābhisaṃhitam
śepuḥ paramasaṃkruddhāś caṇḍālatvaṃ gamiṣyasi
evam uktvā mahātmāno viviśus te svam āśramam
atha rātryāṃ vyatītāyāṃ rājā caṇḍālatāṃ gataḥ

English

But the sage’s sons, hearing
those words of dreadful intent,
cursed him in the height of their anger:
“You shall become a chandala.”
So saying, the great-souled ones
went into their own hermitage;
and when the night had passed,
the king had become a chandala.

॥ 1.58.11b–14, 1.59.2 ॥

CrEd 1.57.10–12, 1.58.2

condensed from 1.58.11b–14, 1.59.2

Shatananda

Sanskrit

तं दृष्ट्वा मन्त्रिणः सर्वे त्यक्त्वा चण्डालरूपिणम् ।
प्राद्रवन् सहिता राम पौरा येऽस्यानुगामिनः ।
एको हि राजा काकुत्स्थ जगाम परमात्मवान् ।
दह्यमानो दिवारात्रं विश्वामित्रं तपोधनम् ।
विश्वामित्रस् तु तं दृष्ट्वा राजानं विफलीकृतम् ।
चण्डालरूपिणं राम मुनिः कारुण्यम् आगतः ।
इक्ष्वाको स्वागतं वत्स जानामि त्वां सुधार्मिकम् ।
शरणं ते भविष्यामि मा भैषीर् नृपपुंगव ॥

taṃ dṛṣṭvā mantriṇaḥ sarve tyaktvā caṇḍālarūpiṇam
prādravan sahitā rāma paurā ye 'syānugāminaḥ
eko hi rājā kākutstha jagāma paramātmavān
dahyamāno divārātraṃ viśvāmitraṃ tapodhanam
viśvāmitras tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā rājānaṃ viphalīkṛtam
caṇḍālarūpiṇaṃ rāma muniḥ kāruṇyam āgataḥ
ikṣvāko svāgataṃ vatsa jānāmi tvāṃ sudhārmikam
śaraṇaṃ te bhaviṣyāmi mā bhaiṣīr nṛpapuṃgava

English

Seeing him in a chandala’s form,
all his ministers abandoned him,
and the townsfolk who followed him
fled together, Rama.
Alone, Kakutstha, the king,
high of spirit, went,
burning day and night,
to Vishvamitra, rich in tapas.
And Vishvamitra, seeing the king
brought to nothing, Rama,
in a chandala’s form,
the sage was moved to pity.
“Welcome, son of Ikshvaku, my child;
I know you to be truly righteous.
I will be your refuge;
do not fear, bull among kings.”

॥ 1.60.15b–20a ॥

CrEd 1.59.15–19

condensed from 1.60.15b–20a

Shatananda

Sanskrit

उक्तवाक्ये मुनौ तस्मिन् सशरीरो नरेश्वरः ।
दिवं जगाम काकुत्स्थ मुनीनां पश्यतां तदा ।
देवलोकगतं दृष्ट्वा त्रिशङ्कुं पाकशासनः ।
सह सर्वैः सुरगणैर् इदं वचनम् अब्रवीत् ।
त्रिशङ्को गच्छ भूयस् त्वं नासि स्वर्गकृतालयः ।
गुरुशापहतो मूढ पत भूमिम् अवाक्शिराः ।
एवम् उक्तो महेन्द्रेण त्रिशङ्कुर् अपतत् पुनः ।
विक्रोशमानस् त्राहीति विश्वामित्रं तपोधनम् ।
तच् छ्रुत्वा वचनं तस्य क्रोशमानस्य कौशिकः ।
रोषम् आहारयत् तीव्रं तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति चाब्रवीत् ॥

uktavākye munau tasmin saśarīro nareśvaraḥ
divaṃ jagāma kākutstha munīnāṃ paśyatāṃ tadā
devalokagataṃ dṛṣṭvā triśaṅkuṃ pākaśāsanaḥ
saha sarvaiḥ suragaṇair idaṃ vacanam abravīt
triśaṅko gaccha bhūyas tvaṃ nāsi svargakṛtālayaḥ
guruśāpahato mūḍha pata bhūmim avākśirāḥ
evam ukto mahendreṇa triśaṅkur apatat punaḥ
vikrośamānas trāhīti viśvāmitraṃ tapodhanam
tac chrutvā vacanaṃ tasya krośamānasya kauśikaḥ
roṣam āhārayat tīvraṃ tiṣṭha tiṣṭheti cābravīt

English

As soon as the sage had spoken,
the lord of men, in his body,
went up to heaven, Kakutstha,
while the sages looked on.
Seeing Trishanku come
to the world of the gods,
the chastiser of Paka, with all
the hosts of gods, spoke these words:
“Trishanku, go back again;
you have no dwelling made in heaven.
Fool, struck down by your guru’s curse,
fall to the earth head first.”
Told this by great Indra,
Trishanku fell again,
crying out, “Save me!”
to Vishvamitra, rich in tapas.
Hearing the words of the one who cried,
Kaushika was seized by fierce anger,
and he said, “Stay! Stay!”

॥ 1.60.20b–21, 27, 31–32a ॥

CrEd 1.59.20–21, 26, 31

condensed from 1.60.20b–21, 27, 31–32a

Shatananda

Sanskrit

ऋषिमध्ये स तेजस्वी प्रजापतिर् इवापरः ।
सृजन् दक्षिणमार्गस्थान् सप्तर्षीन् अपरान् पुनः ।
नक्षत्रमालाम् अपराम् असृजत् क्रोधमूर्छितः ।
दक्षिणां दिशम् आस्थाय मुनिमध्ये महायशाः ।
सशरीरस्य भद्रं वस् त्रिशङ्कोर् अस्य भूपतेः ।
आरोहणं प्रतिज्ञाय नानृतं कर्तुम् उत्सहे ।
नक्षत्राणि मुनिश्रेष्ठ तेषु ज्योतिःषु जाज्वलन् ।
अवाक्शिरास् त्रिशङ्कुश् च तिष्ठत्व् अमरसंनिभः ॥

ṛṣimadhye sa tejasvī prajāpatir ivāparaḥ
sṛjan dakṣiṇamārgasthān saptarṣīn aparān punaḥ
nakṣatramālām aparām asṛjat krodhamūrchitaḥ
dakṣiṇāṃ diśam āsthāya munimadhye mahāyaśāḥ
saśarīrasya bhadraṃ vas triśaṅkor asya bhūpateḥ
ārohaṇaṃ pratijñāya nānṛtaṃ kartum utsahe
nakṣatrāṇi muniśreṣṭha teṣu jyotiḥṣu jājvalan
avākśirās triśaṅkuś ca tiṣṭhatv amarasaṃnibhaḥ

English

Among the sages, that blazing one,
like a second Prajapati,
created other seven sages
standing on the southern path;
and, overcome with anger, he made
another garland of stars,
there in the southern quarter,
the glorious one, among the sages.
“May it be well with you: I promised
this king, Trishanku,
he would rise in his body;
I cannot make my word false.”
“Best of sages, let the stars remain;
and blazing among those lights,
head down, let Trishanku stay,
shining like an immortal.”

॥ 1.66.1–2 ॥

CrEd 1.65.1–2

silent moment

॥ 1.66.5 ॥

CrEd 1.65.5

Vishvamitra

Sanskrit

पुत्रौ दशरथस्येमौ क्षत्रियौ लोकविश्रुतौ ।
द्रष्टुकामौ धनुः श्रेष्ठं यद् एतत् त्वयि तिष्ठति ॥

putrau daśarathasyemau kṣatriyau lokaviśrutau
draṣṭukāmau dhanuḥ śreṣṭhaṃ yad etat tvayi tiṣṭhati

English

These two are Dasharatha’s sons,
kshatriyas famed in the world;
they wish to see the finest bow,
the one that rests with you.

॥ 1.66.6 ॥

CrEd 1.65.6

Vishvamitra

Sanskrit

एतद् दर्शय भद्रं ते कृतकामौ नृपात्मजौ ।
दर्शनाद् अस्य धनुषो यथेष्टं प्रतियास्यतः ॥

etad darśaya bhadraṃ te kṛtakāmau nṛpātmajau
darśanād asya dhanuṣo yatheṣṭaṃ pratiyāsyataḥ

English

Show it to them, may it be well with you;
the princes, their wish fulfilled
by the sight of this bow,
will go back as they please.

॥ 1.66.7b–8 ॥

CrEd 1.65.7b–8

Janaka

Sanskrit

श्रूयताम् अस्य धनुषो यद् अर्थम् इह तिष्ठति ।
देवरात इति ख्यातो निमेः षष्ठो महीपतिः ।
न्यासोऽयं तस्य भगवन् हस्ते दत्तो महात्मना ॥

śrūyatām asya dhanuṣo yad artham iha tiṣṭhati
devarāta iti khyāto nimeḥ ṣaṣṭho mahīpatiḥ
nyāso 'yaṃ tasya bhagavan haste datto mahātmanā

English

Hear for what purpose
this bow rests here.
There was a king famed as Devarata,
sixth in line from Nimi;
into his hands, my lord, the great-souled one
gave this bow as a trust.

॥ 1.66.9 ॥

CrEd 1.65.9

Janaka

Sanskrit

दक्षयज्ञवधे पूर्वं धनुर् आयम्य वीर्यवान् ।
रुद्रस् तु त्रिदशान् रोषात् सलीलम् इदम् अब्रवीत् ॥

dakṣayajñavadhe pūrvaṃ dhanur āyamya vīryavān
rudras tu tridaśān roṣāt salīlam idam abravīt

English

Long ago, when Daksha’s sacrifice was ruined,
mighty Rudra drew this bow,
and in his anger, as if in play,
he spoke these words to the gods:

॥ 1.66.10 ॥

CrEd 1.65.10

Janaka

Sanskrit

यस्माद् भागार्थिनो भागान् नाकल्पयत मे सुराः ।
वराङ्गानि महार्हाणि धनुषा शातयामि वः ॥

yasmād bhāgārthino bhāgān nākalpayata me surāḥ
varāṅgāni mahārhāṇi dhanuṣā śātayāmi vaḥ

English

“Since you, gods, set no share apart
for me, who had a right to a share,
with this bow I will strike off
your heads, so highly prized.”

॥ 1.66.13b–14a ॥

CrEd 1.65.14

Janaka

Sanskrit

अथ मे कृषतः क्षेत्रं लाङ्गलाद् उत्थिता मम ।
क्षेत्रं शोधयता लब्ध्वा नाम्ना सीतेति विश्रुता ॥

atha me kṛṣataḥ kṣetraṃ lāṅgalād utthitā mama
kṣetraṃ śodhayatā labdhvā nāmnā sīteti viśrutā

English

Then, as I was ploughing a field,
she rose up from my plough;
I found her as I cleared the field,
and she is known by the name of Sita.

॥ 1.66.14b–15a ॥

CrEd 1.65.15

Janaka

Sanskrit

भूतलाद् उत्थिता सा तु व्यवर्धत ममात्मजा ।
वीर्यशुल्केति मे कन्या स्थापितेयम् अयोनिजा ॥

bhūtalād utthitā sā tu vyavardhata mamātmajā
vīryaśulketi me kanyā sthāpiteyam ayonijā

English

Risen from the surface of the earth,
she grew up as my daughter;
and this girl, born of no womb,
I have pledged: her bride-price is strength.

॥ 1.66.15b–17a ॥

CrEd 1.65.16–17

Janaka

Sanskrit

भूतलाद् उत्थितां तां तु वर्धमानां ममात्मजाम् ।
वरयाम् आसुर् आगम्य राजानो मुनिपुंगव ।
तेषां वरयतां कन्यां सर्वेषां पृथिवीक्षिताम् ।
वीर्यशुल्केति भगवन् न ददामि सुताम् अहम् ॥

bhūtalād utthitāṃ tāṃ tu vardhamānāṃ mamātmajām
varayām āsur āgamya rājāno munipuṃgava
teṣāṃ varayatāṃ kanyāṃ sarveṣāṃ pṛthivīkṣitām
vīryaśulketi bhagavan na dadāmi sutām aham

English

As she grew, my daughter,
risen from the earth,
kings came and sought her hand,
O bull among sages.
To all those lords of the earth
who sought the maiden,
I did not give my daughter, my lord,
for her bride-price is strength.

॥ 1.66.17b–19a ॥

CrEd 1.65.18–19

Janaka

Sanskrit

ततः सर्वे नृपतयः समेत्य मुनिपुंगव ।
मिथिलाम् अभ्युपागम्य वीर्यं जिज्ञासवस् तदा ।
तेषां जिज्ञासमानानां वीर्यं धनुर् उपाहृतम् ।
न शेकुर् ग्रहणे तस्य धनुषस् तोलनेऽपि वा ॥

tataḥ sarve nṛpatayaḥ sametya munipuṃgava
mithilām abhyupāgamya vīryaṃ jijñāsavas tadā
teṣāṃ jijñāsamānānāṃ vīryaṃ dhanur upāhṛtam
na śekur grahaṇe tasya dhanuṣas tolane 'pi vā

English

Then all the kings together,
bull among sages,
came to Mithila,
wishing to test their strength.
For them, who wished to test their strength,
the bow was brought;
they could not grasp the bow,
nor even lift it.

॥ 1.66.19b–23a ॥

CrEd 1.65.20–23

condensed from 1.66.19b–23a

Janaka

Sanskrit

तेषां वीर्यवतां वीर्यम् अल्पं ज्ञात्वा महामुने ।
प्रत्याख्याता नृपतयस् तन् निबोध तपोधन ।
ततः परमकोपेन राजानो मुनिपुंगव ।
अरुन्धन् मिथिलां सर्वे वीर्यसंदेहम् आगताः ।
आत्मानम् अवधूतं ते विज्ञाय मुनिपुंगव ।
रोषेण महताविष्टाः पीडयन् मिथिलां पुरीम् ।
ततः संवत्सरे पूर्णे क्षयं यातानि सर्वशः ।
साधनानि मुनिश्रेष्ठ ततोऽहं भृशदुःखितः ॥

teṣāṃ vīryavatāṃ vīryam alpaṃ jñātvā mahāmune
pratyākhyātā nṛpatayas tan nibodha tapodhana
tataḥ paramakopena rājāno munipuṃgava
arundhan mithilāṃ sarve vīryasaṃdeham āgatāḥ
ātmānam avadhūtaṃ te vijñāya munipuṃgava
roṣeṇa mahatāviṣṭāḥ pīḍayan mithilāṃ purīm
tataḥ saṃvatsare pūrṇe kṣayaṃ yātāni sarvaśaḥ
sādhanāni muniśreṣṭha tato 'haṃ bhṛśaduḥkhitaḥ

English

Knowing the strength of those strong men
to be slight, great sage,
I turned the kings away:
hear this, rich in tapas.
Then in the utmost fury,
bull among sages,
all the kings besieged Mithila,
their strength called into doubt.
Knowing themselves spurned,
bull among sages,
seized by a mighty rage,
they pressed hard on the city of Mithila.
Then, when a full year had passed,
all my means were spent,
best of sages, and then
I was in deep distress.

॥ 1.66.23b–25a ॥

CrEd 1.65.24–25

Janaka

Sanskrit

ततो देवगणान् सर्वांस् तपसाहं प्रसादयम् ।
ददुश् च परमप्रीताश् चतुरङ्गबलं सुराः ।
ततो भग्ना नृपतयो हन्यमाना दिशो ययुः ॥

tato devagaṇān sarvāṃs tapasāhaṃ prasādayam
daduś ca paramaprītāś caturaṅgabalaṃ surāḥ
tato bhagnā nṛpatayo hanyamānā diśo yayuḥ

English

Then by tapas I won the favour
of all the hosts of gods,
and the gods, well pleased, gave me
an army of four arms.
Then the kings, broken
and cut down, fled every way.

॥ 1.66.25b–26a ॥

CrEd 1.65.26

Janaka

Sanskrit

तद् एतन् मुनिशार्दूल धनुः परमभास्वरम् ।
रामलक्ष्मणयोश् चापि दर्शयिष्यामि सुव्रत ॥

tad etan muniśārdūla dhanuḥ paramabhāsvaram
rāmalakṣmaṇayoś cāpi darśayiṣyāmi suvrata

English

This is that bow, tiger among sages,
shining with surpassing light;
to Rama and to Lakshmana too
I will show it, keeper of vows.

॥ 1.66.26b-c ॥

CrEd 1.65.27

Janaka

Sanskrit

यद्य् अस्य धनुषो रामः कुर्याद् आरोपणं मुने ।
सुताम् अयोनिजां सीतां दद्यां दाशरथेर् अहम् ॥

yady asya dhanuṣo rāmaḥ kuryād āropaṇaṃ mune
sutām ayonijāṃ sītāṃ dadyāṃ dāśarather aham

English

If Rama, O sage, can string
this bow, I will give
my daughter Sita, born of no womb,
to the son of Dasharatha.

Part 2 · பகுதி 2

The bow breaks

Valmiki 1.67.1–27 (CrEd 1.66.1–27)

॥ 1.67.1 ॥

CrEd 1.66.1

Vishvamitra

Sanskrit

धनुर् दर्शय रामाय इति होवाच पार्थिवम् ॥

dhanur darśaya rāmāya iti hovāca pārthivam

English

“Show the bow to Rama,”
so he said to the king.

॥ 1.67.2 ॥

CrEd 1.66.2

Janaka

Sanskrit

ततः स राजा जनकः सचिवान् व्यादिदेश ह ।
धनुर् आनीयतां दिव्यं गन्धमाल्यविभूषितम् ॥

tataḥ sa rājā janakaḥ sacivān vyādideśa ha
dhanur ānīyatāṃ divyaṃ gandhamālyavibhūṣitam

English

Then King Janaka
gave orders to his ministers:
“Let the divine bow be brought,
adorned with scents and garlands.”

॥ 1.67.3 ॥

CrEd 1.66.3

silent moment

॥ 1.67.3–5 ॥

CrEd 1.66.3–5

silent moment

॥ 1.67.6 ॥

CrEd 1.66.6

Minister

Sanskrit

इदं धनुर्वरं राजन् पूजितं सर्वराजभिः ।
मिथिलाधिप राजेन्द्र दर्शनीयं यदीच्छसि ॥

idaṃ dhanurvaraṃ rājan pūjitaṃ sarvarājabhiḥ
mithilādhipa rājendra darśanīyaṃ yadīcchasi

English

King, here is this finest bow,
honoured by all kings;
lord of Mithila, king of kings,
it may be shown, if you wish.

॥ 1.67.8 ॥

CrEd 1.66.8

Janaka

Sanskrit

इदं धनुर्वरं ब्रह्मञ् जनकैर् अभिपूजितम् ।
राजभिश् च महावीर्यैर् अशक्यं पूरितुं तदा ॥

idaṃ dhanurvaraṃ brahmañ janakair abhipūjitam
rājabhiś ca mahāvīryair aśakyaṃ pūrituṃ tadā

English

Brahmin, this finest bow
has been honoured by the Janakas;
even kings of great might
could not draw it then.

॥ 1.67.9 ॥

CrEd 1.66.9

Janaka

Sanskrit

नैतत् सुरगणाः सर्वे नासुरा न च राक्षसाः ।
गन्धर्वयक्षप्रवराः सकिंनरमहोरगाः ॥

naitat suragaṇāḥ sarve nāsurā na ca rākṣasāḥ
gandharvayakṣapravarāḥ sakiṃnaramahoragāḥ

English

Not all the hosts of gods could do it,
nor asuras, nor rakshasas,
nor the best of gandharvas and yakshas,
nor kinnaras and great serpents.

॥ 1.67.10 ॥

CrEd 1.66.10

Janaka

Sanskrit

क्व गतिर् मानुषाणां च धनुषोऽस्य प्रपूरणे ।
आरोपणे समायोगे वेपने तोलनेऽपि वा ॥

kva gatir mānuṣāṇāṃ ca dhanuṣo 'sya prapūraṇe
āropaṇe samāyoge vepane tolane 'pi vā

English

What chance, then, have men
of drawing this bow,
of stringing it, fitting an arrow,
of bending it, or even lifting it?

॥ 1.67.11 ॥

CrEd 1.66.11

Janaka

Sanskrit

तद् एतद् धनुषां श्रेष्ठम् आनीतं मुनिपुंगव ।
दर्शयैतन् महाभाग अनयो राजपुत्रयोः ॥

tad etad dhanuṣāṃ śreṣṭham ānītaṃ munipuṃgava
darśayaitan mahābhāga anayo rājaputrayoḥ

English

Here is that finest of bows,
brought here, bull among sages;
show it, most fortunate one,
to these two princes.

॥ 1.67.12 ॥

CrEd 1.66.12

Vishvamitra

Sanskrit

विश्वामित्रस् तु धर्मात्मा श्रुत्वा जनकभाषितम् ।
वत्स राम धनुः पश्य इति राघवम् अब्रवीत् ॥

viśvāmitras tu dharmātmā śrutvā janakabhāṣitam
vatsa rāma dhanuḥ paśya iti rāghavam abravīt

English

And Vishvamitra, righteous of soul,
hearing what Janaka had said,
said to Raghava, “Rama, my child,
look at the bow.”

॥ 1.67.13 ॥

CrEd 1.66.13

silent moment

॥ 1.67.14 ॥

CrEd 1.66.14

Rama

Sanskrit

इदं धनुर्वरं ब्रह्मन् संस्पृशामीह पाणिना ।
यत्नवांश् च भविष्यामि तोलने पूरणेऽपि वा ॥

idaṃ dhanurvaraṃ brahman saṃspṛśāmīha pāṇinā
yatnavāṃś ca bhaviṣyāmi tolane pūraṇe 'pi vā

English

Brahmin, this finest bow
I will touch here with my hand;
and I will make the effort
to lift it, or to draw it.

॥ 1.67.15a ॥

CrEd 1.66.15a

Janaka

Sanskrit

बाढम् इत्य् एव तं राजा मुनिश् च समभाषत ॥

bāḍham ity eva taṃ rājā muniś ca samabhāṣata

English

“Surely,” the king
and the sage said to him.

॥ 1.67.15b–16 ॥

CrEd 1.66.15c–16

silent moment

॥ 1.67.17–18 ॥

CrEd 1.66.17–18

silent moment

॥ 1.67.19 ॥

CrEd 1.66.19

silent moment

॥ 1.67.20 ॥

CrEd 1.66.20

silent moment

॥ 1.67.21 ॥

CrEd 1.66.21

Janaka

Sanskrit

भगवन् दृष्टवीर्यो मे रामो दशरथात्मजः ।
अत्यद्भुतम् अचिन्त्यं च अतर्कितम् इदं मया ॥

bhagavan dṛṣṭavīryo me rāmo daśarathātmajaḥ
atyadbhutam acintyaṃ ca atarkitam idaṃ mayā

English

My lord, I have seen the strength
of Rama, Dasharatha’s son:
most wondrous, past all thought,
beyond what I imagined.

॥ 1.67.22 ॥

CrEd 1.66.22

Janaka

Sanskrit

जनकानां कुले कीर्तिम् आहरिष्यति मे सुता ।
सीता भर्तारम् आसाद्य रामं दशरथात्मजम् ॥

janakānāṃ kule kīrtim āhariṣyati me sutā
sītā bhartāram āsādya rāmaṃ daśarathātmajam

English

My daughter will bring glory
to the house of the Janakas:
Sita, who has won for her husband
Rama, Dasharatha’s son.

॥ 1.67.23 ॥

CrEd 1.66.23

Janaka

Sanskrit

मम सत्या प्रतिज्ञा च वीर्यशुल्केति कौशिक ।
सीता प्राणैर् बहुमता देया रामाय मे सुता ॥

mama satyā pratijñā ca vīryaśulketi kauśika
sītā prāṇair bahumatā deyā rāmāya me sutā

English

And my vow has proved true, Kaushika:
her bride-price was strength.
Sita, my daughter, dear to me as life,
shall be given to Rama.

॥ 1.67.24–25a ॥

CrEd 1.66.24–25a

Janaka

Sanskrit

भवतोऽनुमते ब्रह्मञ् शीघ्रं गच्छन्तु मन्त्रिणः ।
मम कौशिक भद्रं ते अयोध्यां त्वरिता रथैः ।
राजानं प्रश्रितैर् वाक्यैर् आनयन्तु पुरं मम ॥

bhavato 'numate brahmañ śīghraṃ gacchantu mantriṇaḥ
mama kauśika bhadraṃ te ayodhyāṃ tvaritā rathaiḥ
rājānaṃ praśritair vākyair ānayantu puraṃ mama

English

With your consent, brahmin,
let my ministers go quickly,
Kaushika, may it be well with you,
in haste to Ayodhya by chariot,
and with courteous words
bring the king to my city.

॥ 1.67.25b–26 ॥

CrEd 1.66.25b–26

Janaka

Sanskrit

प्रदानं वीर्यशुल्कायाः कथयन्तु च सर्वशः ।
मुनिगुप्तौ च काकुत्स्थौ कथयन्तु नृपाय वै ॥

pradānaṃ vīryaśulkāyāḥ kathayantu ca sarvaśaḥ
muniguptau ca kākutsthau kathayantu nṛpāya vai

English

And let them tell him all of it,
the giving of her whose price was strength;
and let them tell the king
the Kakutsthas are in the sage’s care.

॥ 1.67.27 ॥

CrEd 1.66.27

Vishvamitra

Sanskrit

कौशिकश् च तथेत्य् आह राजा चाभाष्य मन्त्रिणः ।
अयोध्यां प्रेषयाम् आस ॥

kauśikaś ca tathety āha rājā cābhāṣya mantriṇaḥ
ayodhyāṃ preṣayām āsa

English

“So be it,” said Kaushika;
and the king, speaking with his ministers,
sent them to Ayodhya.

॥ 1.67.27 ॥

CrEd 1.66.27

silent moment

Part 3 · பகுதி 3

The wedding

Valmiki 1.69.7–19, 1.71.21–22, 1.72.4–12, 1.73.8–40 (CrEd 1.68.7–17, 1.70.21–22, 1.71.5–11, 1.72.7–27)

॥ 1.69.7–8 ॥

CrEd 1.68.7–8

silent moment

॥ 1.69.9b–10a ॥

CrEd 1.68.9

Janaka

Sanskrit

स्वागतं ते महाराज दिष्ट्या प्राप्तोऽसि राघव ।
पुत्रयोर् उभयोः प्रीतिं लप्स्यसे वीर्यनिर्जिताम् ॥

svāgataṃ te mahārāja diṣṭyā prāpto 'si rāghava
putrayor ubhayoḥ prītiṃ lapsyase vīryanirjitām

English

Welcome, great king;
by good fortune you have come, Raghava.
You will have joy of your two sons,
a joy their strength has won.

॥ 1.69.11b–12a ॥

CrEd 1.68.11

Janaka

Sanskrit

दिष्ट्या मे निर्जिता विघ्ना दिष्ट्या मे पूजितं कुलम् ।
राघवैः सह संबन्धाद् वीर्यश्रेष्ठैर् महात्मभिः ॥

diṣṭyā me nirjitā vighnā diṣṭyā me pūjitaṃ kulam
rāghavaiḥ saha saṃbandhād vīryaśreṣṭhair mahātmabhiḥ

English

By good fortune my obstacles are overcome;
by good fortune my house is honoured,
by this bond with the Raghavas,
great-souled, foremost in strength.

॥ 1.69.14b–15a ॥

CrEd 1.68.14

Dasharatha

Sanskrit

प्रतिग्रहो दातृवशः श्रुतम् एतन् मया पुरा ।
यथा वक्ष्यसि धर्मज्ञ तत् करिष्यामहे वयम् ॥

pratigraho dātṛvaśaḥ śrutam etan mayā purā
yathā vakṣyasi dharmajña tat kariṣyāmahe vayam

English

Receiving rests with the giver:
so I have heard of old.
As you shall say, knower of dharma,
so we shall do.

॥ 1.69.15b–16a ॥

CrEd 1.68.15

silent moment

॥ 1.69.17b–18 ॥

CrEd 1.68.17

silent moment

॥ 1.71.21–22 ॥

CrEd 1.70.21–22

Janaka

Sanskrit

सीतां रामाय भद्रं ते ऊर्मिलां लक्ष्मणाय च ।
वीर्यशुल्कां मम सुतां सीतां सुरसुतोपमाम् ।
द्वितीयाम् ऊर्मिलां चैव त्रिर् वदामि न संशयः ।
ददामि परमप्रीतो वध्वौ ते रघुनन्दन ॥

sītāṃ rāmāya bhadraṃ te ūrmilāṃ lakṣmaṇāya ca
vīryaśulkāṃ mama sutāṃ sītāṃ surasutopamām
dvitīyām ūrmilāṃ caiva trir vadāmi na saṃśayaḥ
dadāmi paramaprīto vadhvau te raghunandana

English

Sita to Rama, may it be well with you,
and Urmila to Lakshmana:
my daughter Sita, whose price was strength,
like a daughter of the gods,
and Urmila, the second:
three times I say it, without doubt,
with the greatest joy I give you
two brides, joy of the Raghus.

॥ 1.72.4b–6 ॥

CrEd 1.71.5–6

Vishvamitra

Sanskrit

भ्राता यवीयान् धर्मज्ञ एष राजा कुशध्वजः ।
अस्य धर्मात्मनो राजन् रूपेणाप्रतिमं भुवि ।
सुता द्वयं नरश्रेष्ठ पत्न्यर्थं वरयामहे ।
भरतस्य कुमारस्य शत्रुघ्नस्य च धीमतः ॥

bhrātā yavīyān dharmajña eṣa rājā kuśadhvajaḥ
asya dharmātmano rājan rūpeṇāpratimaṃ bhuvi
sutā dvayaṃ naraśreṣṭha patnyarthaṃ varayāmahe
bharatasya kumārasya śatrughnasya ca dhīmataḥ

English

Knower of dharma, here is your younger brother,
this King Kushadhvaja.
This righteous man, O king,
has two daughters unmatched in beauty on earth;
we ask for them, best of men,
to be wives
to Bharata, the prince,
and to wise Shatrughna.

॥ 1.72.10b–12 ॥

CrEd 1.71.10–11

Janaka

Sanskrit

सदृशं कुलसंबन्धं यद् आज्ञापयथः स्वयम् ।
एवं भवतु भद्रं वः कुशध्वजसुते इमे ।
पत्न्यौ भजेतां सहितौ शत्रुघ्नभरताव् उभौ ।
एकाह्ना राजपुत्रीणां चतसृणां महामुने ।
पाणीन् गृह्णन्तु चत्वारो राजपुत्रा महाबलाः ॥

sadṛśaṃ kulasaṃbandhaṃ yad ājñāpayathaḥ svayam
evaṃ bhavatu bhadraṃ vaḥ kuśadhvajasute ime
patnyau bhajetāṃ sahitau śatrughnabharatāv ubhau
ekāhnā rājaputrīṇāṃ catasṛṇāṃ mahāmune
pāṇīn gṛhṇantu catvāro rājaputrā mahābalāḥ

English

A bond between equal houses
you yourselves command;
so be it, may it be well with you:
let these, Kushadhvaja’s daughters,
be wives to the two together,
to Shatrughna and to Bharata.
On a single day, great sage,
let the four mighty princes
take the hands
of the four princesses.

॥ 1.73.8–9 ॥

CrEd 1.72.7c–8

silent moment

॥ 1.73.11–12 ॥

CrEd 1.72.10–11

Vasishtha

Sanskrit

राजा दशरथो राजन् कृतकौतुकमङ्गलैः ।
पुत्रैर् नरवरश्रेष्ठ दातारम् अभिकाङ्क्षते ।
दातृप्रतिग्रहीतृभ्यां सर्वार्थाः प्रभवन्ति हि ।
स्वधर्मं प्रतिपद्यस्व कृत्वा वैवाह्यम् उत्तमम् ॥

rājā daśaratho rājan kṛtakautukamaṅgalaiḥ
putrair naravaraśreṣṭha dātāram abhikāṅkṣate
dātṛpratigrahītṛbhyāṃ sarvārthāḥ prabhavanti hi
svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva kṛtvā vaivāhyam uttamam

English

King, best among the best of men,
King Dasharatha, with his sons,
their wedding threads and blessings done,
is waiting for the giver.
For every aim comes to pass
through the giver and the receiver;
take up your own dharma
and perform this finest of weddings.

॥ 1.73.14 ॥

CrEd 1.72.13

Janaka

Sanskrit

कः स्थितः प्रतिहारो मे कस्याज्ञा संप्रतीक्ष्यते ।
स्वगृहे को विचारोऽस्ति यथा राज्यम् इदं तव ॥

kaḥ sthitaḥ pratihāro me kasyājñā saṃpratīkṣyate
svagṛhe ko vicāro 'sti yathā rājyam idaṃ tava

English

What gatekeeper stands in my way?
Whose order is awaited?
What is there to weigh in one’s own house?
This kingdom is as much yours.

॥ 1.73.15–16 ॥

CrEd 1.72.14–15

Janaka

Sanskrit

कृतकौतुकसर्वस्वा वेदिमूलम् उपागताः ।
मम कन्या मुनिश्रेष्ठ दीप्ता वह्नेर् इवार्चिषः ।
सज्जोऽहं त्वत्प्रतीक्षोऽस्मि वेद्याम् अस्यां प्रतिष्ठितः ।
अविघ्नं कुरुतां राजा किमर्थं हि विलम्ब्यते ॥

kṛtakautukasarvasvā vedimūlam upāgatāḥ
mama kanyā muniśreṣṭha dīptā vahner ivārciṣaḥ
sajjo 'haṃ tvatpratīkṣo 'smi vedyām asyāṃ pratiṣṭhitaḥ
avighnaṃ kurutāṃ rājā kimarthaṃ hi vilambyate

English

Their wedding threads all tied,
my daughters have come to the foot of the altar,
best of sages, shining
like flames of fire.
I am ready, I wait for you,
standing at this altar.
Let the king go ahead unhindered:
why is there delay?

॥ 1.73.17, 25 ॥

CrEd 1.72.16

silent moment

॥ 1.73.26–27a ॥

CrEd 1.72.17

Janaka

Sanskrit

अब्रवीज् जनको राजा कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम् ।
इयं सीता मम सुता सहधर्मचरी तव ।
प्रतीच्छ चैनां भद्रं ते पाणिं गृह्णीष्व पाणिना ॥

abravīj janako rājā kausalyānandavardhanam
iyaṃ sītā mama sutā sahadharmacarī tava
pratīccha caināṃ bhadraṃ te pāṇiṃ gṛhṇīṣva pāṇinā

English

King Janaka spoke
to the joy of Kausalya:
“This is Sita, my daughter,
your partner in dharma.
Accept her, may it be well with you;
take her hand in your hand.”

॥ 1.73.27b ॥

popular text only · not in the CrEd

Janaka

Sanskrit

पतिव्रता महाभागा छायेवानुगता सदा ॥

pativratā mahābhāgā chāyevānugatā sadā

English

True to her husband, most blessed,
she will follow you always, like your shadow.

॥ 1.73.30b–33a ॥

CrEd 1.72.18–20

condensed from 1.73.30b–33a

Janaka

Sanskrit

लक्ष्मणागच्छ भद्रं ते ऊर्मिलाम् उद्यतां मया ।
प्रतीच्छ पाणिं गृह्णीष्व मा भूत् कालस्य पर्ययः ।
तम् एवम् उक्त्वा जनको भरतं चाभ्यभाषत ।
गृहाण पाणिं माण्डव्याः पाणिना रघुनन्दन ।
शत्रुघ्नं चापि धर्मात्मा अब्रवीज् जनकेश्वरः ।
श्रुतकीर्त्या महाबाहो पाणिं गृह्णीष्व पाणिना ॥

lakṣmaṇāgaccha bhadraṃ te ūrmilām udyatāṃ mayā
pratīccha pāṇiṃ gṛhṇīṣva mā bhūt kālasya paryayaḥ
tam evam uktvā janako bharataṃ cābhyabhāṣata
gṛhāṇa pāṇiṃ māṇḍavyāḥ pāṇinā raghunandana
śatrughnaṃ cāpi dharmātmā abravīj janakeśvaraḥ
śrutakīrtyā mahābāho pāṇiṃ gṛhṇīṣva pāṇinā

English

“Lakshmana, come, may it be well with you:
Urmila, whom I hold out to you,
accept her, take her hand;
let the hour not pass by.”
Having spoken so to him,
Janaka spoke to Bharata:
“Take Mandavi’s hand
in your hand, joy of the Raghus.”
And to Shatrughna too the righteous
lord of Janaka’s line said:
“Mighty-armed one, take
Shrutakirti’s hand in your hand.”

॥ 1.73.33b–34a ॥

CrEd 1.72.21

Janaka

Sanskrit

सर्वे भवन्तः सौम्याश् च सर्वे सुचरितव्रताः ।
पत्नीभिः सन्तु काकुत्स्था मा भूत् कालस्य पर्ययः ॥

sarve bhavantaḥ saumyāś ca sarve sucaritavratāḥ
patnībhiḥ santu kākutsthā mā bhūt kālasya paryayaḥ

English

All of you are gentle,
all true to your vows;
Kakutsthas, be joined with your wives;
let the hour not pass by.

॥ 1.73.34b–35a ॥

CrEd 1.72.22

silent moment

॥ 1.73.35b–36, 39 ॥

CrEd 1.72.23, 26

silent moment

॥ 1.73.37–38 ॥

CrEd 1.72.24–25

silent moment

॥ 1.73.40 ॥

CrEd 1.72.27

silent moment